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Wayland is a protocol for a compositor to talk to its clients as well as a C library implementation of that protocol. A compositor can be a standalone display server running on Linux, or it can be integrated into another display server, like Xorg.
Compositors in the context of Wayland are responsible for creating the final image that gets displayed on your screen. They manage windows, handle input events, and perform tasks like compositing, which involves combining multiple images into a single, seamless one.
Wayland was designed to address some of the limitations and security issues present in the older X Window System. One of its primary goals is to provide smoother and more secure graphics rendering, particularly for modern hardware and software needs.
Several compositors have been developed for Wayland, each with its unique features and design philosophies. Some popular examples include:
Weston: This is the reference Wayland compositor, developed by the Wayland project itself. It's lightweight and serves as a good starting point for understanding Wayland's capabilities.
GNOME's Mutter: Mutter is the default window manager and compositor for the GNOME desktop environment. It's designed to integrate seamlessly with GNOME Shell and provides features like dynamic tiling and smooth animations.
KWin: KWin is the window manager and compositor for the KDE Plasma desktop environment. It's highly configurable and offers advanced features like window rules, desktop effects, and support for multiple virtual desktops.
Sway: Sway is a tiling Wayland compositor inspired by the i3 window manager. It's designed to be highly efficient and customizable, making it a popular choice among power users and developers.
These are just a few examples, and there are many other Wayland compositors available, each catering to different use cases and preferences. As the Wayland ecosystem continues to evolve, we can expect to see even more innovation in this space.
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